Lexical analysis is the lowest level of translation activity. Windows users can access Cygwin mirror sites around the world easily with their download tool (“setup.exe”) and get going with little fuss.
Cygwin is a port of common GNU and other Linux/Unix public domain tools for the Win32 platform, including tar, gunzip, bash, gcc, and bison in Win32 executable binary form. However, the path of least resistance for Windows users is installing the Cygwin tools. If you are a Windows user or you simply demand the latest and greatest, you can visit the GNU FTP site. If you are using Linux, BSD, or any POSIX-compliant version of Linux, Bison almost certainly has been installed for you and is ready to go! However, because Bison is useful only for programmers, its releases are very much do-it-yourself. (The Bison is a distant relative of a herd animal called a Yak.) Bison is available for almost any platform you can imagine. The modern successor to Yacc is GNU Bison. One of the oldest such tools is the Yacc compiler generator, the first official version of which was released by Stephen C. So many developers rely on tools to produce compilers that are both efficient and maintainable. Writing a compiler from scratch is time-consuming and the resulting product often is difficult to debug.
Compilers are a class of programs that translate text written in a source language (such as C++) to a target language (in other words, object code).
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